Hypsizigus marmoreus is also called Beech mushroom, it is a kind of rare mushroom which holds white color, long stipe, hypertrophic context, delicate taste, delicious flavor and fragrant smell. It has the similar flavor of Seafood mushroom and possesses all kinds of protein and amino acid including 8 necessary amino acids in human body. Hypsizigus marmoreus is also well received by customers from all over the world and the market price is stable. Its price in Japan is much higher, has wide market and development prospect.
1. The characteristics of shape: sporocarp clumps and each clump holds about 15-50 strains. Sporocarps scatter. When scattering, the amount is small and mushroom caps are big. In early stage of caps, they shape like hemisphere, the edges of cap gradually become explanate after rolling inwards. The requirements of commodity mushrooms are 2 to 5cm in diameter, present white to gray brown and dark marble speckles in central zone, lamella presents white and form orthotropous round head with stipe. The length of stipe is in 7-15cm, has the thickness of 0.6-2cm.
2. The characteristics of growing:
A. Temperature: during the growth period of spawns, the temperature range is in 9-28 degrees, the optimal temperature is in 22-24 degrees. During the differentiation of rudiment, the temperature range is in 4-15 degrees, the optimal temperature range is in 10-15 degrees.
B. Humidity: it is best to keep the water content of compost in about 65%, people could moisturize and adjust the water content in 70%-75% before fruiting. During the differentiation period of mushroom buds, it is best to keep relative air humidity of mushroom house in 98%-100%. During the growth period of mushroom body, it is best to keep relative air humidity in 90%-95%.
C. Light: light is not needed during the growth period of spawns, but the stimulation of weak light should be given during the differentiation period of mushroom buds. Phototropism is needed during the growth period of sporocarps. hence, people could choose to cultivate in basement or cave. In every day and night, people could turn on sunlight lamp for 10 to 15 hours.
D. Air: fresh air is needed in each growth stage of Hypsizigus marmoreus, especially in the occurrence period of primordium, people should ventilate 4-8 times in each hour.
E. PH Value: the optimal PH Value during the growth period of spawns is in 6.5 to 7.5.
3. Cultivation technology: conditions such as ventilation, temperature control and humidity control should be held both in outdoor and indoor cultivation. During the cultivation season, the preferred growth temperature of Hypsizigus marmoreus is in 20 to 26 degrees. During the growth period of sporocarps, the optimal temperature is in 15 to 17 degrees. People could determine cultivation season in accordance with the mentioned temperature range.
Formula of substrate: cottonseed hull, sawdust, bran, corncob powder, cane sugar, gypsum, the proportion of material and water is 1 to 15. After sterilizing and cooling, substrates could be inoculated, after becoming matured in spawns, they could be cultivated later.
Fruiting management:
A. Open mouth and arrange fungi sack: firstly, people should build a ridge of 22cm in width, 10cm in height in each 50 meters of the ground in mushroom greenhouse, spray water in the space, adjust the relative air humidity in 90%-95%, then use hands to lightly knead on both sides of fungi sack, make the surfaces of material on both sides become raised, which could play a role in the separation of surface of material and film of fungi sack. Next, people could unfasten the mouth of fungi sack, use small pieces of iron to get rid of aerial spawns and thick fungi moss, but it is feasible to remain present inoculation part and traverse fungi sack in ridge in accordance with the method of layering. It is also advisable to lightly pull mouth of fungi sack to both sides, make it open mouth naturally and guarantee a moist microclimate environment. It is proper to array fungi sack in 5-8 layers. Apart from bag-removing cultivation, when applying other cultivation methods, people could tie tightly when bagging or it will cause little mushrooms in waist of fungi sack, mushroom bodies consume nutrient but cannot grow up.
B. Management: cover mulching film after straightening fungi sack, uncover mulching film to ventilate in every morning and night and spray water to the ground and walls of mushroom house. In the room temperature of 12 to 18 degrees and the relative air humidity of 85%, ash black primordium will happen on the surface of material after 8-10 days. On that occasion, people could strengthen ventilation and frequently spray water, keep the humidity in 90% to 95%. Evident scattered light should be given to mushroom house and 3-5 times of ventilation should be given as well. People could give ventilation according to the present temperature. After picking each flush of mushroom, people should continue to cultivate spawns to induce the second flush of mushroom. During the whole fruiting process, people could mainly control and adjust the temperature, humidity, air, light and other weather factors of mushroom house in an effort to meet certain demand during the normal differentiation and growth of sporocarps. In mushroom house, ventilation facilitates changing the temperature and reducing relative air humidity. The temperature of greenhouse increases along with the enhancement of light.
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