Monkey head mushroom is a kind of famous edible and medicinal mushroom, the optimal growth temperature of spawns is 22-24 degrees, during the growth process of sporocarp, the optimal temperature is 18-20 degrees. Relative air humidity is not strictly requested during the growth period of spawns in bag cultivation, people could keep relative air humidity in 85%-90%. People could organize annual production as long as they meet all mentioned temperature and humidity.
1. Formulas of compost:
A. Cottonseed hull 78%, bran 20%, can sugar 1%, gypsum 1%.
B. Corncob 78%, bran 20%, cane sugar 1%, gypsum 1%.
C. Cottonseed hull 40%, sawdust 30%, bran 25%, corncob powder 2%, fypsum powder 1%, cane sugar 1%, monopotassium phosphate 1%.
People could choose one of three formulas in accordance with supply situation of raw material and production scale. raw material should be fresh and free from mould. After preparing material, people could add water and mix well in accordance with proportion. The water content of compost should be adjusted to 60%-70% and PH Value should be adjusted in about 6.5, then cover for about 30 minutes and then make bagging. It should be noted that when adopting Formula B, people could smash corncobs into the shape of soybean and soak in water a day in advance to make it fully absorb water. Before using, people could ladle out, drain off excess water and mix well with other materials, well-prepared compost should be piled for a long time, especially in season of high temperature, or it will become degenerative and cannot be used.
2. Bagging, sterilization and inoculation: after preparing compost, people could make bagging, use plastic bag of 35*17*0.05cm. In autoclave sterilization, people could choose polypropylene bag, put about 400g of dry material into each bag with moderate tightness, put hard plastic ring after bagging and then cover lid. On that occasion, people should check whether there is damaged phenomenon on plastic bag, ring and lid. Broken plastic bag, ring and lid should be replaced timely. Sterilization could be classified into sterilization under atmospheric pressure and autoclave sterilization. For the former, people could sterilize for 12 hours in atmospheric pressure. In autoclave sterilization, people could sterilize for 2 hours in the pressure of 1.5kg per square centimeter. After sterilization, people should take out bags and check whether there are broken or waterlogged bags for second time. Next, people could move bags in inoculation room. When the temperature of bag is higher than 30%, people could inoculate in aseptic condition. In order to shorten the time of spawn running, people could adopt the method of double edged inoculation. Main operation is to inoculate one part in bag mouth and make hole and inoculate another part on the bottom of bag. After inoculation, people could quickly cover lid, seal mouth of hole tightly by using poly-bag or specialized sealing film. After finishing, people could label and move to the room of spawn running for cultivation.
3. The management method during the spawn running period:
A. The management of humidity and temperature: by some means of spraying water, sun shading and ventilation, people could control the temperature of room in 22-24 degrees and control relative air humidity in under 70%.
B. Light management: light is not needed in the growth period of spawns, hence people could shade sun and keep dark of cultivation room.
C. Other management: 3 to 4 days after moving to cultivation room, spawns begin to absorb material, on that occasion, people could check whether there is the phenomenon of pollution again and pick out infected bags. What’s more, damages such as mouse should be checked and disposed timely.
4. The management in emergence period of sporocarp: after the cultivation of 25 to 30 days, spawns become fully grown and will be fully grown in a short time. On that occasion, people could give frequent ventilation, reduce the temperature of cultivation room in 20-22 degrees, remove shade and increase scattered light. After about 7 days, buds appear on the surface of material, then, people could move fungi sacks into mushroom greenhouse or adjust the temperature of cultivation room in 18-20 degrees, uncover lid and ring of fungus sack, keep relative air humidity in 85%-90%, increase scattered light and give moderate ventilation. Bu doing so, sporocarps become matured after about 15 days.
5. Picking: when finding that the diameter of sporocarps has grown to 5-10cm or sporocarps are in 90% matured, people could arrange picking. Use knife to cut off stipe of mushroom, leave the distance of 1-2cm so as to regenerate. After picking, people could continue to strengthen moisture, raise temperature and humidity. New sporocarps will appear after about 10 days. In general, each fungi sack grows 3 flushes and biological efficiency is in 60%-80%.
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