For industrialized production technology of Enoki mushroom, the cultivation cycle is usually controlled in about 53 days.
Cultivation materials: cottonseed hull, bran, corn and rice bran are common materials and they usually account for 90% of total amount. Another 10% is usually given to corn powder, superphosphate and calcium carbonate. What’s more, the water content could be ideally adjusted in 60%-65%.
1. Bottling, sterilization and cooling: it is common to adopt mechanical mixing and bottling, materials should be mixed evenly, people could put 850g of raw material into each bottle, press the surface tightly, drill a hole in the middle part of bottle and cover filter lid to guarantee the nutrient source and air which are all needed during the growth period of spawns.
2. Inoculation: people could put strain which has been cultivated before in aseptic condition and arrange mechanical inoculation, the inoculation amount should be about 10g in each bottle.
3. Spawn cultivation: people could cultivate mushroom bottles which have been inoculated in darkroom under certain temperature, humidity and cultivation time. It should be highlighted that Enoki mushrooms own strong requirement on light intensity and are sensitive to it, hence should be cultivated in darkroom.
4. Fungi scratching: this operation could be handled when finding that spawns are fully grown, the specific operation is to remove old fungus blocks which attach in the bottle mouth with scratching machine.
5. Bud pressing: after scratching fungi, people could remove fungus bottles into the room to conduct bud pressing, relevant technical parameters are: the temperature of 13-14 degrees in the daytime, the temperature of 10-12 degrees at night, relative air humidity of 90% and the time is about 8 days.
6. Inhibition: after conducting bud pressing, people could conduct bacteriostasis, the temperature of bacteriostasis room should be in 3-5 degrees, relative air humidity should be in 80%-85% and the time is 5-7 days. Moreover, moderate ventilation should be given, it is best to ventilate in each 4 hours and each time could be remained in 15 minutes. After 5 to 7 hours, apparent fungus caps and stipes will appear, on that occasion,the light intensity should be weak so as to increase the quality of sporocarps.
7. Development: when finding that fungus caps have grown 1cm longer than bottle mouth, people could adjust the room temperature in 6-8 degrees and conduct light management so as to improve the quality of sporocarps. What matters most is that when people find that sporocarps have grown 3-4cm from the bottle mouth, they could cover plastic drum timely.
8. Picking: picking could be arranged when finding that stipes have grown to 13-15cm and the diameter of caps have reached to 1cm. 2 or 3 days before picking, people could turn up the fan to evaporate moisture and keep the relative air humidity of mushroom house in 70%-80%, which facilitate boosting product quality and extending shelf-life.
9. Packaging and fresh-care: people could separately place mushroom bodies in accordance with grades, and then get rid of the connection part between the base of stipe and substrate, then package differently in accordance with market requirements, extract air and seal with polyethylene film bag. Finally, cold storage could be conducted.
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