Season arrangement: Pleurotus abalonus is a kind of high temperature type mushroom, the growth temperature of spawn is from 20 to 33 degrees, the optimal temperature range is from 25 to 28 degrees, the growth temperature range of sporocarp is from 20 to 32 degrees and the optimal temperature range is from 27 to 28 degrees. Normal growth can be realized in between 25 and 30 degrees, buds will not appear in nearly 30 degrees. So, people could reasonably arrange cultivation season in accordance with local natural temperature. In South China, the cultivation can be arranged in spring, summer and autumn. In spring cultivation, people could inoculate original strain in February and cultivate in greenhouse, make fungus sacks in the middle ten days of March and cultivate in greenhouse, fruiting can be realized from the last ten days of April to May. On that occasion, the natural temperature will become the required temperature of fruiting. In summer cultivation, people could make fungus sacks in May and realize fruiting in the last ten days of July. In autumn cultivation, people could make fungus sacks in July and realize fruiting from the last ten days of August to September. On that occasion, the pollution rate is low, mushrooms are in high quality and commodity value is high.
The preparation of fungus tubes: cottonseed hull 80%, bran 9%, corn powder 9%, sugar 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, adjust the water content in between 65% and 70%, adjust the PH Value in between 6 and 7, adopt polypropylene plastic film of 35cm*17cm*0.005cm. Put 0.5kg of dried material into each fungus sack, spread a layer of lime slurry on the surface of fungus sack to prevent pollution. People could adopt the method of inoculation in two sides. Each 750ml bottle of original strain can inoculate 20 fungus sacks. Lucifugal spawn running can be realized in between 20 and 30 degrees. During the cultivation period, people could give moderate ventilation and clean up the contaminants timely. In general, spawns will become fully grown in about 30 days.
Fruiting management: after selecting the fruiting place, people could firstly kill pests and conduct disinfection, then pull out cotton wool tampon and take off lantern ring, roll the plastic bag to the surface of substrate, pile up fungus sack into the wall with the height of 1m, cover newspaper to shade on topside to reduce the occurrence of conidium terrier and conidium. What’s more, certain scattered light is need in the room.
The stage of fruiting: keep moist surface of material, remain relative air humidity in between 85% and 90%, water management should be conducted in accordance with different growth periods of sporocarp, when inducing buds, people could spray less water, keep moist surface of material. When finding that buds have gradually grown into caps and stipes, people could gradually increase the amount of water-spraying to meet the needs in the growth of mushroom bodies. More moisture is needed when sporocarps are close to maturity, but people could flexibly master water management in consideration of the moisture retention and climate variation of mushroom house, it is best to keep the temperature in between 25 and 30 degrees, people could respectively spray water and ventilate for one time in every morning and night and each time remains about 1 hour. After opening bags for 10 days, people could pick the first flush of mushroom.
The earthing and final period management: after the second flushes of bag cultivation on Pleurotus abalonus, it will get low yield and quality for the reasons of malnutrition, water loss, aged spawns, disease and pests and other reasons. Little Pleurotus abalonus or malformed Pleurotus abalonus may appear after the second flushes. Therefore, in order to increase yield and improve the quality, people could adopt the management technology of bag-type fruiting on earthing,
The preparation of soil and the building of ridge: generally, people could choose casing soil which has more humus, granular structure, strong air permeability, strong water-retaining capability, the suitable PH Value of 6 to 7.5 and the water content of 65% and 70%. Before using, people could mix 2% of lime and 5% of formaldehyde solution to spray and disinfect. After mixing well, cover with plastic film for 14 to 48 hours. People could build cold frame in the interior of greenhouse, create the width of 60 to 100cm, the depth of 5 to 10cm and the length should be determined in accordance with terrain and specific requirements. Drainage ditch should be opened in surrounding areas and the interior of ridge and the surrounding areas should be sterilized.
People could remove thin film of fungus sacks which have just fruited the second flushes of mushroom and put in ridged sowing bed, create an interval of 4cm between each fungus sacks and fill will compost, then cover the treated soil, create the depth of 3 to 4cm and press moderately and tightly.
After earthing, people could always check the conditions of dry and wet on soil and spray water. People could frequently moisturize in small amounts. In later period, people could add vitamins and hormones such as B-group vitamin, which can play the helping role in the formation of sporocarps. Hormones can help to increase yield. It is common to use 3mg/liter of triacontanol and 5ml/liter of thiamine to spray on surface, 65% to 70% of water content on soil should be kept. People could ventilate for two times per day and each time remains 30 minutes and cover sun shades in sunny day. After 10 to 20 days, primordiums will form. This method can increase 30% of the yield.
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