During the growth process of sporocarp on Shiitake, “Candle Mushroom” (has no stipes and caps), “Lychee Mushroom” (caps clot and has no stipes) and other phenomenon of abnormalities always happen, which are all belong to physiological diseases.
People could master key points to prevent this kind of phenomenon:
1. Know about characteristics of strain to prevent errors in introduction of strain:
A. Before cultivating mushroom, people should firstly know about characteristics of strain, adjust measures to local conditions, choose suitable strains, arrange inoculation season reasonably and calculate estimated inoculation time.
B. Know about mature characteristics and prevent blind bag-removing: too early bag-removing will cause variable mushrooms because of that spawns haven’t reach physical maturity. People should master the method of “One age, three standards”. “One age” means that people should wait for about 60 days from the day of inoculation. “Three standards” means that spawns reach physical maturity when finding that vesicular, tubercular spawns in fungi sack account for two thirds of the whole surface of fungi sack, appear sepia in any part and have soft and stretchy hand feeling when holding with hands.
2. Grasp the laws of colouring and prevent the out of control of temperature: during the period of colouring, people should pay high attention to the changes of temperature. In first three days, people should keep temperature in under 25 degrees. It is necessary to uncover film and ventilate. In normal conditions, colouring will finish in 12 days and the first flush of mushroom will appear after 3 days.
3. Master the principals on varying temperature and increase temperature stimulation: the correct method is to cover fungi bed with thin film in the daytime, uncover thin film and remain for 1 hours at night and keep temperature difference of day and night in above 10 degrees.
4. Soak in water timely, moderately: when the water content of fungi tubes is under 40%, it will be hard for mushrooms to get fruited and some little mushrooms will appear. So, people should soak fungi sack in water when finding that the present weight of fungi tubes has went down to 30% of previous weight.
5. Improper method on inducement of mushroom and prevent the condition of partial dry and wet: after picking each flush of mushroom, people should uncover film and ventilate for 6 and 7 days to make spawns absorb sufficient oxygen and recover the ability of growing. Then, people should also spray water to keep moisture and make alternation of wetting and drying to induce the occurrence of next flush of mushroom.
6. Timely picking and prevent overripeness: people could arrange picking when finding that mushroom caps have the phenomenon of hemming and stipes of mushroom are in moderate shapes. Picking can be done for one time per day. In peak season of spring, 2 times of picking should be done per day.
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