1. viral disease:
Infection symptom: spawns are degraded, have bad growth trend and gradually become rotten, after getting infected in sporocarps, it will cause deformed mushroom.
2. Bacterial disease:
A. Brown rot: original disease is called “Pseudomonas fluorescence”, breed in histocyte gap of Shiitake, stop the growing of infected sporocarps., mushroom cap and stipe will become brown and finally become rotten and stink.
Prevention and cure method: strictly make disinfection on mushroom field and tools, remove infected mushroom as soon as possible, use Streptomycin of 1: 50 to spray on mushroom bags to kill inside diseases and prevent the second relapse.
B. Bacterial speck: it is also called “Speckle disease”, shape of bacterial colony is in variously size and present gray in general, when it infects sporocarp, it will cause deformed, rotten bodies and gray speckles will appear in cup. When it infects substrate, base stock will become stink and sticky.
Prevention and cure method: immediately remove infected sporocarp, spray bleaching powder of 1:600 to sterilize.
3. Fungous disease
A. Penicillium digitatum: it is one of the largest competitive sundry fungus in mushroom production, in early stage, spawn presents white speckle and gradually become light green color, the central of bacterial colony is dark green color. Edge presents white and become dark green in late stage. In serious condition, the whole mushroom bag will become atrovirens.
Prevention and cure method: use the mixture of 2% formaldehyde and phenol or Kemeiling to inject infected part.
B. Neurospora: it presents white particles colony in asexual stage and presents pink in late stage. It always happens in high temperature season from July to August and has the characteristic of tremendous oncoming force, quick speed of spread and can cause great damage. People must give up those strains and cultivation bags which are infected by Neurospora.
Prevention and cure method: Neurospora likes high temperature and wet condition. In early stage of spawn running, people could use 500 times of formaldehyde or diesel Kerosene to drop in unformed pathogenic colony. In late stage of spawn running, people could bury mushroom bag into 30 to 40 cm of soil with poor permeability, then bags can get fruited after 10 to 20 days of anaerobic treatment.
C. Mucor: spawns are transparent, the initial colony is white, it has quick growth speed and can grow 3 cm everyday. It presents gray or black in late period. People could deal with by ventilating, cooling and damp proofing.
D. Blue mould: it presents white in early stage and it is hard to distinguish with spawn of Shiitake. It will turn into green, blue and gray in late period, It will grow quickly in acid environment of 20 to 25 degrees and can affect the growth of Shiitake and the formation of sporocarp.
Cure method: people could increase ventilation, keep clean and sterilize from time to time.
E. Aspergillus: it presents white in early stage and in late stage it presents black, brown and red. When spawns of Shiitake are infected by Aspergillus, it will quickly become withered, emit a pungent odor and result in death of spawns on Shiiatake.
Cure method: people could increase ventilation, control the time of water-spraying, lower temperature and reduce humidity.
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