Russula is a kind of wild rare mushroom and spread over Liaoning Province, Jiangsu Province, Guangxi Province, Sichuan Province, Yunnan Province and other places. It has abundant nutrition, delicious flavor and medicinal efficacy.
1. Cultivation season: Russula belongs to partial high-temperature type, the suitable growth temperature is from 20 to 25 degrees, the suitable fruiting temperature is from 23 to 28 degrees, the period of spawn-running is from about 45 to 50 days.
2. Material selection: Russula belongs to straw rotting fungus and substrates are straw, weed and animal manure. The raw material for cultivating Russula are crop straws such as cottonseed hull, cotton stem, bagasse, soybean straw, corncob, cornstalk and sorghum stalk.
3. Compost formulas:
Formula One: cottonseed hull 86%, wheat bran 8.5%, lime 2%, calcium carbonate 1%, superphosphate 2%, urea 0.5%.
Formula Two: Soybean stalk 48%, peanut hull 20%, cottonseed hull 19%, bran 10%, superphosphate 1%, calcium carbonate 2%, the proportion of material and water is from 1 to 1.3.
Formula Three: cottonseed hull 90%, wheat bran 6%, lime 1%, superphosphate 1.5%, calcium carbonate 1%, urea 0.5%, the proportion of material and water is from 1 to 1.3.
Formula Four: reed 50%, weed tree sawdust 16%, cottonseed hull 30%, lime 1.5%, superphosphate 2%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%, the proportion of material and water is from 1 to 1.3.
3. Cultivation method: Russula can be cultivated by two methods, which are mature material cultivation and bag cultivation of fermented material, firstly mix well compost, control the water content in about 60%, then put into polypropylene plastic bags of 17*33 to 35 cm, then do the following procedures in accordance with general requirements, such as sterilization, cooling and inoculation.
4. Inoculation:
Bag cultivation: when the temperature of bag drops to 28 degrees, people should inoculate strain to substrates in aseptic condition, then seal the mouth with cotton plug and move to indoor room to stimulate spawn-running after inoculation. People should keep relative air humidity in above 70 degrees and maintain good ventilation to prevent the rapid increasing of carbon dioxide. After growing full spawn in bags, people should place in sterilized bed, cover 3 to 5 cm of humus and pay attention to the ventilation to keep fresh air.
5. Fruiting management: people should keep the moist in earthing and keep the water content of soil in below 20 degrees. Wild field cultivation depends on soil moisture and when encountering dry climate, people can spray water on the surface. 20 days after earthing, fruiting will happen. In this period, people should keep the temperature in 23 to 26 degrees and conduct temperature stimulation to promote the formation of primordium. During the growth stage of sporocarp, people should uncover film, increase ventilation and spray water for one time everyday. Keep relative air humidity in 90%, keep fresh air of greenhouse and control the temperature in 23 to 28 degrees. When encountering high temperature season during the fruiting period, people should spray water to reduce the space temperature and build shelter to resist external heat source and create suitable environment of fruiting. When finding sundry fungus pollution, people can dig out pollution part and spread lime powder. After 1 to 2 days, new earth and ventilation should be given.
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